

Though the US Federal Reserve’s first interest-rate hike of 2023 is smaller than those that preceded it, policymakers have signaled that more increases are on the way, despite slowing price growth. But there is good reason to doubt the utility – and fear the consequences – of continued rate hikes, on both sides of the Atlantic.
发自纽约——美国正借助2022年《通货膨胀削减法案》大举进军清洁能源竞赛。该法不仅将在十年内为美国可再生能源生产商和消费者提供3690亿美元补贴;还授权美国能源部向投资于清洁能源转型的美国企业提供高达2500亿美元的贷款。在该法案和最近用于推动美国半导体生产的520亿美元方案之间,很显然产业政策又在华盛顿特区盛行起来了。
不过这些数字或许听起来不算太多。据彭博社报道去年全球对能源转型的投资高达7500亿美元,仅中国就花费了2660亿美元,德国为470亿美元,美国为1140亿美元。而麦肯锡公司的核算则更大手笔,将目前对清洁能源及其配套基础设施的投资总额划定为2万亿美元。
但这些数字是指全世界的新投资总额,它们主要来自私营部门,而私营部门离我们需要达到的目标还有很大距离。尽管全球正在加速部署可再生能源、电动汽车和其他低碳基础设施,但正在进行的气候危机管理工作和应当进行的工作之间还存在不断拉大的差距。
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