

From semiconductors to electric vehicles, governments are identifying the strategic industries of the future and intervening to support them – abandoning decades of neoliberal orthodoxy in the process. Are industrial policies the key to tackling twenty-first-century economic challenges or a recipe for market distortions and lower efficiency?
坎布里奇——去年12月,日本首相岸田文雄宣布了自1945年日本自卫队成立以来最雄心勃勃的军力扩张计划。日本国防开支将升至GDP的2%——两倍于1976年以来1%的水平。未来几年,日本将用于自保的所有外交、经济、技术和军事手段全部罗列在一项新的国家安全战略中。
最值得注意的是,日本将获得它此前曾放弃配置的远程导弹,并将与美国合作,强化中国“第一岛链”周边的沿海防御。上个月,在岸田文雄对其他几个G7国家进行外交访问后,他与美国总统乔·拜登在华盛顿承诺强化防御合作。中国对台湾态度日益强硬,尤其是俄罗斯入侵乌克兰让新一代联想起了军事侵略,这些因素促成了日本的改变。
当然,某些日本邻国担忧它将恢复20世纪30年代的军国主义姿态。因为岸田的前任安倍晋三将宪法对自卫的解释扩大到包括与日本盟国的集体任务,他引发了地区内部和日本社会某些阶层的忧虑。
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