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The Year Ahead 2021

治愈煽动性民粹主义之道

Jan 18, 2021 Michael Lind

奥斯汀—特朗普是第一个登上美国总统宝座的真正的煽动家。但自称是代表无权无势者对抗腐败建制的护民官的政客，在历史上的美国州和地方层面层出不穷。作为一种政治形式，煽动性民粹主义的成功总是伴随着大量人民感到一般政客正在忽视他们的利益和价值观。

在被称为“复兴”的南北战争后时代，所谓的波旁民主党，即南北战争奴隶主和他们的盟友的精英后代们，主宰着从弗吉尼亚到德克萨斯的南方各州政府。波旁寡头通过投票箱、识字测试和其他旨在压制选举的设计，剥夺了所有南方黑人和许多贫穷白人的权利。结果，共和党几乎在南方绝迹。民主党对政治权力的垄断有利于压迫性的种植园经济，其基础劳动形式同时禁锢了黑人和白人——如分成制和犯罪租赁制度（将囚犯租给雇主）。

南方寡头政治产生了它的主要对手，即煽动性民粹主义者，他们的票仓在小农场主和工作阶级白人。尽管许多南方煽动家来自精英背景，但他们无不通过粗俗的言语和娱乐形象把自己与文雅的执政阶级区分开来。在南加州，州长本杰明·蒂尔曼（Benjamin R. Tillman）获得了“干草叉”的绰号，因为他指责总统克利夫兰：“我要把我的干草叉插进他又老又肥的肚子上！”在德克萨斯州，136公斤重的詹姆斯·史蒂芬·霍格（James Stephen Hogg）把猪（发音与“霍格”相近）作为标志，成功当选州长。

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0 Comments on this paragraph, 23 Comments on this article

Ted Heavy Feb 17, 2021

"Donald Trump is the first true demagogue to have been president of the United States." But it could also be argued it was done for a legitimate cause. When you have the left ignoring our laws and flooding our nation with low skilled immigrants that cost us 250 billion a year to support.
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Leo Arouet Jan 23, 2021

I agree with this commentary.
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eric siegel Jan 22, 2021

q
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Elizabeth Pula Jan 22, 2021

Hello Michael, here's some more:

Additional links on 01-21-2021

I am adding a link to this article. I am posting comments on Michael Lind's Article because I think this issue is extremely serious and is one that can NOT be discounted through narrative that supports the actions by the executive that was in place as just a “faux pas”. The actions by the man, who was granted the seat of power, is NOT excusable.

In the link from CNBC, the “talking face” notes that the Supreme Court has decided that this one human being is correctly, and legally a respondent, and appropriately governable by the STATE LAWS of New York. New York State laws and Federal laws per the US Supreme Court apply to this man, and his TAX documents, etc. can be ACCESSED by the state of New York.

I don’t think that people are recognizing just how serious this sequence of events is. This is not a matter that can be left to be evaluated and judged 20 years into the future. This has to be dealt with NOW. This man is effectively stalwarting and attempting to publicly establish himself, his business operations, his family as effectively above any laws and legal process on any level within the United States as a Federated Union. This one man can NOT be permitted to establish his individual sovereignty and sovereignty of members of his private operations, and his family operations as sovereign and superior to the state of New York, any other state in the Union, and not superior to the US Federal Legal System.

He can’t be allowed, can NOT be granted complete exception to all legal process under the US FEDERAL and all State Legal systems. He does NOT have any permission from God to play God, especially as badly as he is has attempted. He is a BAD MAN. He is NOT a good man.

He is the reason that the Madison wrote his explanations about the framework of the Federated UNION of STATES back in 1787. It may have take until 2021 for such a nefarious character to evolve to a position of destructive power. It needs to be recognized and acknowledged as BAD according to law. The appropriate laws are already in the BOOKS.

………

https://www.cnbc.com/2021/01/15/trump-criminal-investigation-manhattan-da-probes-seven-springs-estate.html?__twitter_impression=true&recirc=taboolainternal

……..

At least the PGA is using some common, and business, and legal sense.
https://www.cnbc.com/2021/01/11/trump-national-golf-club-will-no-longer-host-2022-pga-championship.html.

“This is not because of any pressures we feel. We’re not being forced into a decision,” Waugh said. “We had to make a business decision. It’s a perpetual institution. My job is to hand it off better than when I found it. One hundred years from now, we still want to be vibrant.”

That quote from Seth Waugh is extremely important and significant. That quote is 4 sentences that every business entity leader across the US needs to memorize and internalize some type of personal Frame of reference. That quote is NOT something to forget. AND. I am writing this even if I hate golf, and don’t play golf. I do think I know what golf is really all about anyway! So NFIB pay attention! Especially to this next reference:

………..
https://thefelderreport.com/2021/01/20/what-the-boom-in-fraud-says-about-the-current-market-environment/

Does the US want those kinds of business scenarios to escalate?

If anyone, especially all you guys and gals in every business affiliated with every Chamber of Commerce and the NFIB, can NOT immediately recognize what is wrong with the businesses and the further corrupting influences of these types of businesses, believe you me, I will respond if you ask a question. People need to recognize what is good business, bad business, and absolutely terrible and the worst business models imaginable. I will definitely share whatever awareness I am capable of to clarify as needed.

And of course, even when not needed, as I have just done!
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lt lee Jan 20, 2021

As long as "man does not live on bread alone" is true, there would be no cure for Demagogic Populism, more in the US, less in other more mature nations.

Anti-intellectualism as well as paranoid style of politics, both necessary condition for Demagogic Populism, would not be far away from US politics.
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Elizabeth Pula Jan 20, 2021

Rescinds the only executive order of his administration that may have accomplished something:
https://lawandcrime.com/awkward/on-way-out-the-door-trump-rescinds-senior-staff-lobbying-ban-he-once-promised-would-drain-the-swamp/

That has got to be the most blatant SUPER CON on the planet.
- Elizabeth Pula Jan 20, 2021
  
  Oh- and a reality check on THE WALL project to no-where but cronies pockets:
  https://www.texastribune.org/2020/10/27/border-wall-texas-cost-rising-trump/
  
  https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/fact-check-mexico-never-paid-it-what-about-trump-s-n1253983
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- Elizabeth Pula Jan 20, 2021
  
  Federal, State and city funds are decimated, while funds to pander to a grandiose security detail are released to the entitled non-royalty Opportunists, another swift money grab on-the-sly and out-the-door:
  
  https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-extended-secret-service-protection-for-13-members-of-his-family-as-he-left-office/2021/01/20/31ef3e9e-5b3c-11eb-b8bd-ee36b1cd18bf_story.html?outputType=amp
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Paul Daley Jan 19, 2021

Great article. The only thing missing is a practical "to incorporate alienated constituencies into mainstream politics." My suggestion would be open primaries. That would force prospective candidates to face the full electorate at every stage of the election process, rather than allow them, as now, to cultivate radical minorities that hold key positions within mainstream parties. As a cure for rabid partisanship, there's really no better cure than open primaries.
- Ted Heavy Feb 17, 2021
  
  It's obvious why you would want open primaries.
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- Phil 1 Feb 9, 2021
  
  That does nothing but kill 3rd parties. Also, its not radicalism that is the problem. The problem is both parties agree on endless wars, shipping jobs over seas, and never holding any elites responsible for anything, no matter how many people their incompetents kills.
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j. von Hettlingen Jan 19, 2021

Michael Lind says the US is no stranger to “the joking, vulgar, back-slapping style of classic American populist demagogues like Trump.” But he is the “first true demagogue to have been president.” Populism is regularly associated with political opportunism. Its advocates are mostly “scoundrels” - “crooks or charlatans” - but their followers “deserve to be respected and heard.” Often these people are “desperate” and have “legitimate grievances.” True!
According to the author, “demagogic populism is a disease of representative democracy. Curing it requires democracy to be truly representative.” Populist demagogues are snake oil salesmen, and “frequently promote crackpot measures to solve real problems.” Their simplistic and combative approach to complex problems gains currency, when the party establishment, political and financial elites have failed to deliver and left ordinary people worse off.
Throughout history “politicians who claim to be tribunes of the powerless against corrupt establishments have….been common in America at the state and local levels. As a form of politics, demagogic populism tends to flourish when large groups of citizens feel that conventional politicians are ignoring their interests and values.” Elected leaders bear the blame for their citizens’ economic hardships, social inequalities and discontent.
Basically globalisation and immigration are to blame for the rise of populism, producing “losers as well as winners.” In the US, the establishment’s indifference to the “downsides of free trade and immigration gave Trump issues he could exploit.” His supporters bought the narrative that he, an alleged billionaire, sided with the beaten-down masses over the ruling elite. Although he had vowed to “drain the swamp,” he had appointed many wealthy individuals to run his plutocratic administration.
According to the author, demagogic populism is a symptom of social woes. Neoliberalism is the disease. Democratic pluralism is the cure. “American history shows that the best way to eliminate populism is to incorporate alienated constituencies into mainstream politics and address their legitimate grievances by sophisticated means.” Grassroots organisations have a crucial role to play in promoting sustainable policies and uniting communities.
History shows that President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal achieved “many of the goals” that William Jennings Bryan, a three-time Democratic presidential nominee, sought to succeed with his agrarian populist movement. “But it did so by bringing farmers and workers into politics and policymaking in an institutionalized way, through farm organizations and labor unions.”
Depriving much of the working class of effective voice or agency in government, the economy, and culture inflicts damage on social harmony and political stability in the long run. Trade unions, participatory political parties, and religious and civic organisations offer spiritual support and help strengthen the social fabric.
According to the author FDR “achieved one populist goal” during the Great Depression, "by abandoning the gold standard, a system that most economists today agree was economically harmful. But this and other legitimate populist grievances were addressed by New Deal reformers inside the two-party system and the national establishment, not by inflammatory outsiders.” Unlike technocrats, populists are notoriously inept at managing crises and governing efficiently.
Institutions that used to magnify the power of working-class people - trades unions, local political parties and religious congregations - have all dissolved for different reasons. By default, power has siphoned upwards in the culture, politics and the economy, according to the author.
He also warns against reducing Trumpian populism to “white nationalism,” because he thinks populism’s roots lie neither in direct economic hardship nor in white nationalism but rather in resentment of the cultural, political and economic hierarchy that oppresses middle- and working-class people today. If Trumpism were as benign as the author describes, the US would have been less divided.
- Elizabeth Pula Jan 19, 2021
  
  WOW, what a summation. Your summation is most significant and most critically important. It is so easy to ignore your conclusion. So, I am quoting your conclusion:
  
  "If Trumpism were as benign as the author describes, the US would have been less divided."
  
  Michael Lind's article is excellent. His use of the combined words of "demagogic populism" are inadequate to describe the true reality of the type of "opportunism" that the "imagery" of Trump as THE "demagogue" communicates. The Demagoguery that is being communicated is beyond the "human" level of the political demagogue as a type of leader that all of us are somewhat aware of by our reading, and our similar historical "confluence" of what creates varying cognitive awareness levels that can be identified as "mind-set" of "class", or "group", or "demographic group", neighborhood, political affiliation, politics in general..
  
  Both Lind, and you are establishing a most relevant focus of the "DEMAGOGUE", and "DEMAGOGUERY PROCESS".
  
  I am going to give some credit here to a few people possibly in the DNC and the GOP for having some reasonable awareness, some decency, and some spiritual aspirations to function within some ethical boundaries and level of responsibility of their administrative functional roles within the administrative hierarchy of the Federal Government, all seats of power of the Federal Government, they are NOT part of the "swamp".
  
  Now here is the real Catch-22, for me personally, I can NOT and will NOT excuse, especially Trump on a personal and on a leadership level of responsibility for his abdicating all of his responsibilities as leader of the Nation. He unfortunately has misled too many people. However, he is the current "sacrificial lamb", much NOT to his chagrin. Also, it is much NOT to the chagrin of quite a number of other very bad actors of totally non-principled, and totally non-trustworthy performance.
  
  The process by these men started with the misuse of one word from page V,
  from one book. All parties involved should know exactly and unequivocally what I mean.
  
  I, at this time, cannot or will not explain any further WHY. I could, but I won't, because I do not think it is appropriate, and I also think there is a proper way to correct criminally minded opportunists.
  
  The White Demagogue is no different, if not worse, than the Black Demagogue that caused the genocide in Rhwanda.
  - Ted Heavy Feb 17, 2021
    
    The anger on the right is massive. From the moment Trump won the election the left using allies in key positions used to power they held to move against an elected president by means of spy craft and ultimately use of human assets to malign and politically destroy anything that resisted them.
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Robert Wolff Jan 18, 2021

This confusion about what America is and why its conflicts always turn out similarly (the rule of the Owners) can easily be cleared up if you read the Federalist Papers (especially #10 by Madison). As you read this it becomes evident that our Forefathers (Federalist Republicans) were the landowners/owners of their day, and they structured the government and Constitution to ensure they remained in power under Republicanism. What also becomes clear is that what they meant by 'Liberty' was the right of the Land Owners to rule and use the government under their control to put down any insurrections against their ideological rule.

As such, the System was structured to set all other factions, Democratic and Right Wing and Socialists against one another so that in the end the courts, legislatures and military/police would end up censuring all who rose up in insurrection against the Owners.

It is not surprising at this time in America's history when Americans accuse the Owners and their institutions of being anti-American that we are embroiled in another Civil War. But this is not like the first American Civil War wherein the Owners of the South and the Owners of the North with different morals and economic underpinnings and political beliefs raised their minions to war against the Owners of the other side to preserve their power and culture upon which their power relied.

Today the Revolutionaries are the Lower Middle Class Americans turned Fascist, as they did in Germany, because they have lost their status and economic and political power to a despotic elite Owner Class that realizes the System favors its survival, yet their rule has become unequitable to minorities and American White Workers. Therefore, both the Right and the Left are fighting in the streets for power, assuming the Elite Owners Class is on its last leg and cannot rule much longer under the historic American System instituted by the Forefathers (Owners) of America in 1776.

This time is different.
- Elizabeth Pula Jan 20, 2021
  
  RE: Madison-#10 Federalist Papers-1787
  
  https://guides.loc.gov/federalist-papers/text-1-10
  
  You are so correct to post the reference of Madison. Thank you!!
  
  We should all thank him, I sure do!!
  
  A discussion of some content of Madison’s letter #10 of the Federalist Papers
  
  As titled on the library of Congress website:#10-The Union as a Safeguard Against Domestic Faction and Insurrection
  
  That title is important as this is exactly what the United States is confronting publicly and presently over a period of time from 2020 to 2021.
  
  In #10 He explains factions and how to correct factionalism. The United States is a union of individual and equal states. This organizational structure is the abstract organizational design as a deliberate strategic designed abstract incorporated abstract form of a state to minimize the effects of factionalism as an occurrence. This design is ruled by public administrators that are given power to administer this abstract system by the people who live within its geographical boundaries which presently encompasses 50 separate and equal states.
  
  Some quotes from Madison:
  
  These are excerpted in order as the paragraphs were originally written by Madison. I use quotes around his paragraphs. I use dots between his original text to separate my comments.
  
  ……..
  
  “These must be chiefly, if not wholly, effects of the unsteadiness and injustice with which a factious spirit has tainted our public administrations
  
  ………
  
  The factious spirit/demagogue is at this most recent time personified by Trump, and his factions’ ideologies. I am not judging him. I am labelling him as what he is.
  ……….
  “There are two methods of curing the mischiefs of faction: the one, by removing its causes; the other, by controlling its effects.
  There are again two methods of removing the causes of faction: the one, by destroying the liberty which is essential to its existence; the other, by giving to every citizen the same opinions, the same passions, and the same interests.”
  ………..
  At present, 2021, all powerful factions in any organized political form and powerful individuals are working to do both which is absolutely destroying this Nation across the mid section of the North Atlantic geographical continent. The predicament that closely resembles a similar well known factional political group was the “Gang of Four” in China years ago.
  ………..
  “As long as the reason of man continues fallible, and he is at liberty to exercise it, different opinions will be formed. As long as the connection subsists between his reason and his self-love, his opinions and his passions will have a reciprocal influence on each other; and the former will be objects to which the latter will attach themselves. The diversity in the faculties of men, from which the rights of property originate, is not less an insuperable obstacle to a uniformity of interests. The protection of these faculties is the first object of government. From the protection of different and unequal faculties of acquiring property, the possession of different degrees and kinds of property immediately results; and from the influence of these on the sentiments and views of the respective proprietors, ensues a division of the society into different interests and parties.But the most common and durable source of factions has been the various and unequal distribution of property. Those who hold and those who are without property have ever formed distinct interests in society. Those who are creditors, and those who are debtors, fall under a like discrimination. A landed interest, a manufacturing interest, a mercantile interest, a moneyed interest, with many lesser interests, grow up of necessity in civilized nations, and divide them into different classes, actuated by different sentiments and views. The regulation of these various and interfering interests forms the principal task of modern legislation, and involves the spirit of party and faction in the necessary and ordinary operations of the government.”
  
  ……..
  
  What has occurred on January 6, 2021 is this:
  
  The riot disrupted all sense of REASONING and CIVIL AWARENESS not only in the US but across the world. The disruption to this sense of common acceptable behavioral civility that most people normally use unconsciously has been WATCHED, VIEWED, and everyone innately is aware that something is not right, at a most immediate and irrational level of awareness. Madison addressed specifically the danger of factionalism in this #10 letter. We watched insurrection in action in living color and black and white or in person at the geographical locations of the incident. We have a most innate sense of right and wrong. We know something is wrong. We may not know exactly what is wrong. Our sense of reasonable awareness has been attacked at the most fundamental, levels of sensible awareness and REASONING abilities. Our reasoning faculties are our fundamental level of awareness that are our intellectual abilities. Government protects these fundamental REASONING faculties and our abilities to use REASON.
  
  This quote is a MOST IMPORTANT and significant quote from Madison to all of us in 2021.
  
  …………
  
  “The protection of these faculties is the first object of government.”
  
  …………
  “The effect of the first difference is, on the one hand, to refine and enlarge the public views, by passing them through the medium of a chosen body of citizens, whose wisdom may best discern the true interest of their country, and whose patriotism and love of justice will be least likely to sacrifice it to temporary or partial considerations.”
  
  ………..
  
  This is the filtration process that I refer to in my words when I write that the design of the Government is a “dynamic filtration process”. It is an active process. We do not just watch it. It does not happen without participation. Even by not participating, we still are participating but on a negative level. This is detrimental to the Nation. The more people that recognize they have no “chance” to participate, there is further confirmation of the increasing Negative Results as IN FACT the ONLY REALITY, which then confirms a decay or death process. Our most basic instinctual levels of awareness that we use for REASON have been attacked. We want to survive, we do not want to die.
  
  This is where Congress and many others have lost any understanding of the process that they need to be using correctly, or just due to time delays. They are not actively engaged with the rest of the citizens primarily because correct software systems have NOT been implemented in a timely and appropriate ways, which impedes all actions and activities for commerce. We are all part of the self-governing process. Some have more power and are not using their power with wisdom, patriotism or love of justice, and have sacrificed all wisdom to function only from greed with absolutely no consideration, for the Nation. The nation is not a democracy, the nation is an organized Republic that uses democratic process for administering the rules of the Nation, which as an abstract form as organized as a design that is labelled a Republic due to the structural characteristics of the designed Abstract State, which is a separately identifiable Nation globally with specific laws, and geographical boundaries. The United States is an Incorporated Entity.
  
  Political leaders need to focus on creating results to ASAP confirm the concluding sentence that Madison wrote to the people of New York in 1787.
  
  ……
  
  “The federal Constitution forms a happy combination in this respect; the great
  and aggregate interests being referred to the national, the local and particular to the State legislatures.”
  ..........
  A Demagogue appeals to passions only. A Leader appeals to reason and intelligence of a human being.
  - Ted Heavy Feb 17, 2021
    
    "whose patriotism and love of justice" The entire right watched as the left used every device they could find to damage Trump. The people on the right lashed out inappropriately but understandably.
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- Elizabeth Pula Jan 19, 2021
  
  Robert, I definitely agree with you to a point. The concept of "owner" has a higher degree of awareness.. It is really the "POWER" that is projected by the ownership. The power is balanced by the organization of the hierarchy, and by the "seats" of administrative power. It is a very fluid, dynamic and constantly changing SYSTEM.
  
  The system is NOT STATIC.
  
  The real system is NOT Electric.
  
  You have to create your own third sentence.
  - Robert Wolff Jan 19, 2021
    
    The Federalist Republic has maintained static order, but world order change is challenging its status. The Roman Republic ended (leading to the Rule of the Tyrants) under extremely similar circumstances. Julius Caesar's Populism challenged the rule of the Owner Class of Rome, and he was assassinated by its Pretorian Guard. The Roman Republic dissolved in 27 B.C., 17 years after Caesar's assassination.
    
    The fall of the Roman Empire was caused when there was less loyalty to Rome. The Urban Centers started to collapse. Also the military's loyalty to the Owner Class, along with political and social instability of Rome, caused the Roman Republic to collapse into the Age of Tyrants.
    
    So [it appears] let it be with America.
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  - Robert Wolff Jan 19, 2021
    
    All Liberals see “More Democracy” as the solution to current American ills. But that is precisely what the Federalist Republic and its Constitution were instituted to prohibit.
    
    The call for more Democracy is the call for the end of the absolute rule of the Owner Class in America, and that would mean the end of the Republic. The Republic survives because the Owner Class is still in power. The Constitution is all about keeping down insurrection against the Owner Class by any other ideological class.
    
    The current Owner Class will fall from power of it continues to forsake its fiduciary duties to the American People/Nation by continuing to seek more money and owner power at the expense of national economic and political stability.
    
    Today the Owner Class has failed to maintain its popularity because it has failed to preserve political stability during the current American Nightmare and, therefore, is much closer to being kicked out of power than it ever has been. The failure of the Owner Class to rule well, and the consequent elimination of its power over the American Nation, would mark the end of the Republic.
    - Elizabeth Pula Jan 20, 2021
      
      Valid. The corruption internally is also an internal negative force. I also posted a comment on the latest German political scenario, about Germany's inevitability of German Stimulus- my approach is German stimulus in the US. by another phase of another Family dynasty.
      
      The latest violent skirmish is just corporate diversional tactics. The show is into a new act. The performance isn't over at all. Act 3, scene 1 just about ready to start.
      - Robert Wolff Jan 20, 2021
        
        Fortunately, the US Military is now in control of Washington, D.C. -- the only institution in America that, without a doubt, backs the interests of the American People, and the only credible US institution that still has the faith of the American People that it supports their interests and intends to carry out their will.
        
        Elizabeth Pula Jan 20, 2021
        
        Real people are on the front lines which is why. The trust is there. But, when the front lines of expectation are only facing each other, you get escalating conflict after mob rule, successful or not.
        
        Your comments are excellent BTW.
        
        The owner class inclusion expectation was that with more owners not less, and with the most specifically given access to opportunity and NOT prevented from any access for ownership opportunity. That dynamic is quite different than an aristocracy with no movement or diversity of chance and opportunity to improve and move. The balance of power is very complex.
        
        The design is one of dynamic filtration processes and not a block of stone.
        
        The use of time to create advantage and not to create disadvantage. This was idealism at its finest level of achievement for group intellectualistic efforts
        
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