Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, Director-General of the World Trade Organization, is a former managing director at the World Bank, finance minister of Nigeria, board chair of Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, and African Union special envoy on COVID-19. She is a distinguished fellow at the Brookings Institution and a Global Public Leader at Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government.
日内瓦—未来唯一可以确定的就是不确定性。贸易的未来也是如此。
尽管事先一再警告过可能发生全球疫情,但新冠 还是让世界大吃一惊。对贸易的影响迅速而剧烈。 2020 年第二季度,世界大部分地区处于封锁状态,全球商品贸易量同比暴跌 15%——这种急剧下降的情况在战时之外非常罕见。
那时很少有人会想到,到 2021 年第一季度,也就是疫情开始后不到一年,贸易量就会超过疫情前的水平并创下历史新高。各国政府对保护主义贸易措施的克制,以及大规模的财政和货币支持,帮助推动了经济复苏。 2021 年 10 月,世界贸易组织将其 2021 年全球商品贸易增长的预测从之前的 8% 上调至 10.8%, 2022 年增长率预测为4.7%。
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